Following some of the suggestions I’ve seen, I have tried pausing download, deleting the file, and resuming download. I have also tried the same steps, but renaming the file instead of deleting it. (I think this was to rule out an isolated bad sector on the drive, which in my case is an external SSD.)
I’m in Westchester County, New York, in case that helps narrow down the server(s) that might be at fault.